Concerning the classical molecular and cellular neuroscience approach, we follow the molecular and functional study of memory. In this approach, we promote the concept of dynamic protein-protein interaction network domains assembled around the key regulator proteins, which predetermine the fate of molecular mechanisms of memory formation and their disorders. We consider that factors leading to memory impairment, e.g. aging, should affect the signaling interaction networks of these key molecules. Our endeavor to identify these dynamic signaling networks and associated key regulator proteins led us to several important network domains responsible in memory formation at its different stages. Currently, we are investigating the role of these domains and their key regulator proteins, which include different protein kinases and synaptic proteins. We expect the further outcome of our research will create a robust systemic platform of the key regulator-based framework, which will serve as a reference for the study of disorders involving memory deterioration. Hence, using our platform, we intend to study the role of the key regulators in pathogenesis of memory impairment and as possible therapeutic targets. Concepts of the key regulators demonstrated its robustness in the study of potential shared mechanisms of pathogenesis of early cognitive impairments and depressive-like behavior. This study is in progress and conducted in close collaboration with Prof. A. Pinhasov’s laboratory.